Issue 1/2020

The contribution targets radiators without fans, which are not trench convectors. Regulation (EU ) No 305/2011 on the marketing of construction products (CPR), as amended, obliges manufacturers to declare the performance of a product directly in the declaration of performance. In terms of the thermal outputs of individual models within a type (type series) or individual models of different types within a same family, the CPR allows the manufacturer to determine them in other way than by a series of tests of many models according to the regulation EN 442-2:2014 referred to in harmonized standard EN 442-1:2014, for example with use of the so-called “simplified procedure” under Chapter VI, Article 36, paragraph 1, point a). Opinions on this issue vary considerably.

The way of design and operation of heating systems with hot-water biomass-fuelled boilers with accumulation should be obvious in the 21st century. However, there is often a space limitation when reconstructing existing heating systems in old buildings. The original boiler rooms were not designed to accommodate the storage tank. Thus, the question of where, how big or whether to place a storage tank often arises during these reconstructions. The paper recapitulates the normative and legislative obligations related to the necessity of storage operation especially of fire wood hot-water boilers and defines the requirements for the minimum storage tank size.

The article points out the inconsistency in the technical standards ČS N 73 4201 and ČS N EN 15287-2 with respect to the requirements on the flue duct outlet on the house facade. It describes the requirements of individual standards and compares both their legitimacy in terms of applicability in practice and hygiene requirements.

The paper describes the way of cooperation of the heating services company with the building management system supplier. It highlights the most common clash points and suggests effective solutions. A separate part is devoted to energy meters with data exchange and water meters. Poor coordination and lack of information exchange between professions reduces the quality of the work do ne, which usually reflects in the operating costs. Yet, a little is needed and both parties can save time, money and worries, and the customer gets a service with significantly higher added value.

The paper deals with the issue of industrial gas filtration, the classification of filtering materials, their surface treatments, the methods of regeneration, thermal and chemical resistance with respect to their expected use for the filtration of flue gases from the fluidized-bed oxygen-enhanced combustion of biofuels. For a more objective assessment of the results of the chemical resistance evaluation of filtering materials from different manufacturers, the authors introduce a comparative method based on the evaluation of resistance equivalent to a five-point point scale, where a uniform distribution of tensile strength drop from 0 to 100 % is assumed. The authors evalua te chemical resistance of basic synthetic filtering ma terials using the method.

The protected escape routes or the partly protected escape routes are areas where the designers prefer to place the main piping on floors. According to ČS N 73 0810: 2016, the piping in these areas has to be insulated with non-combustible insulation materials, i.e. the materials with the reaction to fire A1L or A2L. The paper analyses possibilities how to fulfil such requirements. Or, if the combustible insulation materials were used, which are the best solutions for passive, consequential, fire protection.

Requirements for fire safety of buildings are currently undergoing significant changes. This is due to incidents that have occurred in recent years, the emergence of new technologies and the associated incidence of new, unknown risks. The revised technical standard ČS N 73 0810 Fire protection of buildings – General requirements, from 2016, caused the need to change most standards of the so-called Code of Fire Safety Standards for Buildings as well. In some cases the changes are significant, in some cases they are minor. Substantial changes relate to the fire ventilation. The paper describes a possible approach to categorization of buildings with different requirements for fire safety level.

In the paper there are described various aspects influencing design of radiant cooling of mainly industrial premises. The aim is stressed especially on freely suspended water radiant panels according to EN 14037-1. At the beginning Czech and Slovak market survey is presented and the most significant manufacturers are compared. This chapter is followed by detail description of many influencing parameters like room height or condensation risk and at the end there are proposed based on own mathematical model thermal cooling output correction factors in relation with vertical air temperature gradient. For example, for radiant panels’ suspension height 14 m and for vertical temperature gradient 0.5 K/m it is possible to consider for design thermal output about 40 % higher than declared.

Increased attention to energy use in buildings is a trend that has been observed in the construction industry since the 1980s. This trend is accentuated and subsequently suppressed at various times, mainly in connection with changes in energy prices. However, overall it is a long-term more or less continuous process. The foremost impact of the directive should be on the fulfilment of the primary intention, i.e. reduction of heat and electric energy consumption in buildings. However, the consequences are also reflected in other building functions, especially in the indoor environment quality, which is directly related to the use of energy.